While the Covid-19 pandemic keeps everything besides grocery stores and pharmacies shuttered in a growing number of cities around the world, Amazon.com Inc. has offered a relative sense of normalcy to shoppers who could still get most things delivered within two days. That's changing.

盡管雜貨店和藥房在世界上越來越多的城市因為“新冠病毒”而關閉，但亞馬遜對購物者表現了相對正常的感覺，他們仍然可以在兩天內收到大部分商品。但是這種情況正在改變。

On March 17, Amazon told its sellers that until at least April 5, high-demand products such as medical supplies and household staples will take priority, and that it's halting inbound shipments of all nonessential products to keep up with the need for those basics.

3月17日，亞馬遜告訴賣家，至少在4月5日之前，為滿足這些必需品的需求，醫療用品和家庭必需品等高需求產品將被優先考慮，并將停止所有非必需品的進口發貨。

Toys and flatscreen TVs are on hold while Amazon ramps up shipments of toilet paper, bleach, and sanitizing wipes "so we can more quickly receive, restock, and ship these products to customers," the company said in a blog post updated on March 17. The new rules don't apply to products already in or on their way to Amazon warehouses, the company said in an emailed statement.

亞馬遜在3月17日更新的一篇博客文章中說，玩具和平板電視暫停發貨，同時增加了衛生紙、漂白劑和消毒濕巾的出貨量，“以便我們可以更快地接收，補充庫存并運送這些產品給客戶。” 亞馬遜在一份電子郵件聲明中說，新規定不適用于已經進入或正在運往亞馬遜倉庫的產品。

These changes may o?er some relief to Amazon's warehouse employees, who are struggling with a next-level version of the company's notoriously brutal shift work. At least five of its warehouse workers in Spain and Italy have contracted Covid-19, according to union officials and people familiar with the matter, who spoke on condition of anonymity for fear of reprisals.

這些變化可能會給亞馬遜的倉庫員工帶來一些安慰，他們正在努力應對公司臭名昭著的下班班次而苦苦掙扎。據工會官員和知情人士透露，該公司在西班牙和意大利的倉庫工人中，至少有五人感染了“新冠病毒”。由于擔心遭到報復，他們不愿透露姓名。

The countries' respective unions have complained that Amazon is putting sales ahead of safety by refusing to close the facilities for cleaning. In response, on March 16 workers at its main Italian logistics hub in Castel San Giovanni called for a strike.

這兩個國家各自的工會抱怨說，亞馬遜拒絕關閉清潔設施，把銷售置于安全之上。作為回應，3月16日，在其位于圣喬瓦尼的意大利主要物流中心，工人們要求舉行罷工。

"We are giving our support to the employees that are currently in quarantine," Amazon said in a statement. "The security and safety of our employees is our main concern and we are following the directives of the local and international health authorities, and we have applied a series of preventive health measures in our centers across the world."

亞馬遜在一份聲明中表示:“我們將對目前被隔離的員工給予支持。”“員工的安全和保障是我們主要關心的問題，我們遵循當地和國際衛生當局的指示，我們已經在世界各地的中心實施了一系列預防衛生措施。”

On the other side of the Atlantic, the company and its workers have felt the strain, too. On March 16, Amazon said it planned to hire 100,000 people and raise pay in the U.S. and Canada by $2 an hour through April to ensure it can make its deliveries. So far, the company hasn't confirmed any cases among blue-collar workers in its home country, but it's tough to imagine that its hundreds of thousands of workers are all virus-free.

在大西洋的另一邊，該公司及其員工也感受到了壓力。3月16日，亞馬遜表示計劃雇傭10萬名員工，并在4月前將美國和加拿大的工資提高2美元/小時，以確保送貨。到目前為止，該公司還沒有在其國內的藍領工人中證實任何病例，但很難想象數十萬工人都未感染無病毒。

Amazon has to consider closing facilities and slowing the pace of deliveries to protect workers and make sure customers can trust its deliveries, says Alex Colvin, dean of Cornell's labor relations school. "If a worker in an Amazon facility delivering groceries to people gets sick with Covid-19, that could really shake public confidence," he says.

康奈爾大學勞動關系學院(Cornell’s labor relations school)院長亞歷克斯·科爾文(Alex Colvin)表示，亞馬遜必須考慮關閉工廠，放慢發貨速度，以保護員工，并確?？蛻裟軌蛐湃谓回?。他說:“如果一名在亞馬遜(Amazon)的設施中向人們運送食品雜貨的工作人員感染了“新冠病毒”，那可能真的會動搖公眾的信心。”

Amazon has offered two weeks of sick pay to workers diagnosed with the disease or placed in quarantine and says warehouse employees can also take unpaid time off through the end of March without risk of termination.

亞馬遜已經為診斷出患有這種疾病或被隔離的工人提供了兩周的病假工資，并表示倉庫員工也可以在三月底之前休無薪假，而不會被解雇。

Amazon, which reported $11.9 billion in profits in 2019, says it has set up a $25 million fund for contractors and part-time workers who can apply for as much as two weeks' pay if diagnosed with Covid-19 or quarantined.

亞馬遜（Amazon）在2019年的利潤為119億美元。該公司表示，已為承包商和兼職員工設立了2500萬美元的基金，如果他們被診斷出患有“新冠肺炎”或被隔離，他們可以申請多達兩周的薪水。

In the U.S. alone, Amazon has hundreds of warehouses, sorting centers, and other logistics facilities. It's capable of rerouting orders to other locations to accommodate the temporary closure of a building or two. It does something similar when a warehouse becomes overwhelmed with orders during the peak holiday shopping season, diverting them from the overburdened facility to others nearby until the backlog clears.

僅在美國，亞馬遜就有數百個倉庫，分揀中心和其他物流設施。它可以將訂單重新轉到其他地點，以適應一兩個地點的臨時關閉。如果在假日購物旺季，倉庫中的訂單不堪重負，也會做類似的事情，將其從負擔過重的設施轉移到附近的其他倉庫，直到積壓的訂單被清除。

Amazon has also rerouted operations during floods, tornadoes, and other natural disasters. That'd be tougher in Europe, where there are fewer depots, or in the U.S. if a string of nearby facilities also went offline, according to logistics consultants and former Amazon employees familiar with its network.

亞馬遜還在洪水，龍卷風和其他自然災害期間重新安排了運營。據物流顧問和熟悉亞馬遜網絡的前亞馬遜員工說，如果附近的一系列設施也癱瘓了，歐洲的情況會更糟，因為那里的倉庫更少，美國的情況也會更糟。

The company wasn't at its most prepared to replace sick workers. The beginning of the year, just after the holiday shopping season, is when it cuts ties with tens of thousands of temporary staff. "You don't design operations for this kind of thing," says Marc Wulfraat, a logistics consultant who tracks Amazon's network. "The only way to handle that unplanned spike is more manpower." Job listings in Amazon's logistics and operations unit have more than tripled this month, to more than 4,000.

該公司還沒有準備好替換患病的工人。今年年初，就在假日購物季之后，該公司將裁減數萬名臨時員工。追蹤亞馬遜網絡的物流顧問馬克·沃爾夫拉特（Marc Wulfraat）說：“你不會為這種事情設計運營。”本月，亞馬遜物流和運營部門的招聘信息增加了兩倍以上，達到4000多份。

Amazon has told delivery companies to be ready to shoulder an extended uptick in demand, and it's offering overtime and bonus pay in cities across the U.S. for grocery shippers. An Amazon delivery company in Texas recently told its drivers they should expect to work extra shifts over the next six weeks.

亞馬遜已通知快遞公司，準備好承受需求的長期增長，并在美國各地為雜貨托運人提供加班費和獎金。得克薩斯州的一家亞馬遜送貨公司最近告訴其司機，他們期望在未來六周內進行更多輪班。

Even as the company tries to hire more people, members of its existing workforce are having second thoughts about reporting for duty. One warehouse worker in the Midwest says she's taking advantage of Amazon's offer of unpaid time off to care for her kids, whose schools have closed.

盡管該公司試圖招聘更多員工，但其現有員工隊伍中的人都在考慮上班。中西部的一位倉庫工人說，她利用亞馬遜提供的無薪休假來照顧孩子，孩子們的學校已經關閉。

Some of her co-workers, she says, were scared away by reports of coronavirus cases in the county where the warehouse is located. Amazon posted signs reminding employees to wash their hands and set up extra hand sanitizer stations, but it hadn't been screening employees. "We are going to great lengths to keep the buildings extremely clean and help employees practice important precautions," the company said in a statement.

她說，她的一些同事被倉庫所在縣的冠狀病毒病例報告嚇跑了。亞馬遜貼出了提醒員工洗手的告示，并設立了額外的洗手站，但并未對員工進行篩查。該公司在一份聲明中說：“我們將竭盡全力保持大樓極其清潔，并幫助員工采取重要的預防措施。”

Union reps in Europe say that Amazon isn't taking the pandemic seriously enough and that it shouldn't be so eager to squeeze more people into its warehouses. Julien Vincent, a representative with the CFDT union who works at an Amazon warehouse in Montelimar, in the south of France, says his union asked the company to cut the number of workers at its facilities, but that hasn't happened. "For now they haven't done anything," Vincent says. "Things are continuing like things were normal."

歐洲的工會代表說，亞馬遜對流感大流行的重視程度不高，不應急于將更多的人擠入倉庫。CFDT工會的代表朱利安·文森特（Julien Vincent）在法國南部蒙特利瑪的亞馬遜倉庫工作，他所在的工會要求該公司削減工廠員工數量，但沒有實現。“現在他們什么都沒做，”文森特說。“事情像正常的一樣繼續進行。”

The bonus and overtime pay wasn't enough for one occasional Whole Foods worker in the Denver area, who canceled a shift on Sunday out of concern the company wasn't doing enough to protect workers jostling for produce in aisles crowded with shoppers. "They claim to care about their workers, yet clearly not enough to rein in two-hour-delivery expectations," says the worker, who spoke on condition of anonymity for fear of reprisals.

對于丹佛地區的全食超市(Whole Foods)一名員工來說，獎金和加班費還不夠，他取消了周日的輪班，因為他擔心公司沒有采取足夠的措施來保護工人擠在擁擠的購物者過道中。這名員工表示，他們聲稱關心自己的員工，但顯然不足以控制兩小時交貨的預期。由于擔心遭到報復，他要求匿名。

Whole Foods was criticized after Chief Executive Officer John Mackey suggested that workers with spare sick leave donate it to those in need. The company says it has stepped up in-store sanitation protocols and relaxed rules around calling in sick.

Whole Foods公司首席執行官約翰·麥基(John Mackey)建議休病假的員工將剩余的病假捐給有需要的人，這一建議遭到了批評。該公司表示，它已經加強了店內的衛生協議，并放松了打電話請病假的規定。

Many of Amazon's delivery drivers are contractors. The company issued advisories to Amazon Flex drivers, who make deliveries in their own vehicles, asking them to stay home if they've had a fever and to avoid personal contact. But that's almost impossible for a person who ferries groceries or has office buildings on their package route. For those drivers, who don't get Amazon health benefits, the extra overtime still might not mean they can afford to get sick.

亞馬遜的許多送貨司機都是承包商。該公司向使用自己的車輛送貨的亞馬遜Flex司機發布了警告，要求他們如果發燒就呆在家里，并避免與人接觸。但是，對于一個運送雜貨或在包裹運送路線上有辦公大樓的人來說，這幾乎是不可能的。對于那些沒有享受亞馬遜健康福利的司機來說，額外的加班可能并不意味著他們可以負擔得起生病的費用。